论侦查机关的告知义务

刑事追诉机关在初次讯问犯罪嫌疑人或对其羁押时,应当告知其享有的诉讼权利.这是受刑事追究者获得告知的权利,也是刑事追诉机关的告知义务.现代人权保障制度的发展,不仅要求侦查、检察机关履行告知义务,而且应当依法允许犯罪嫌疑人行使其诉讼权利,并为其权利的实现提供保障.以侦查阶段的初次讯问为对象,对告知义务进行考查,比较美英加法德等国以及我国台湾刑事诉讼法对初次讯问时的告知义务的规定,剖析我国相关法律规定的问题所在,进而对完善我国侦查阶段初次讯问时的告知义务提出了建议.     

Anticorruption agencies: expressive,constructivist and strategic uses

This article explores the reasons for the introduction of anticorruption agencies of a specific type in Eastern Europe. It is argued that one of the important functions of these agencies—which are stronger on information gathering, coordination and strategy rather than on investigation of concrete cases—is to give to the government some leverage over the anticorruption discourse. Presenting the anticorruption commissions and agencies as (discourse-controlling) instruments gives an answer to the troubling question why governing parties are at all interested in the introduction of such bodies. Apart from instrumentalization in political discourse, anticorruption bodies in Eastern Europe have had other effects as well. As shown in the Baltic case, institutional engineering provides for a brief window of opportunity during which political forces committed to integrity could gain the upper hand. The problem in Eastern Europe, however, is not the lack of such windows of opportunities—it is more the lack of really committed political forces capable of continuous and consistent anticorruption effort.     

物权登记中公证书的地位和效力

《中华人民共和国物权法》(草案)对物权的登记进行了规定。第十条规定:“不动产登记,由不动产所在地的登记机构办理。国家对不动产实行统一登记制度。统一登记的范围、登记机构和登记办法,由法律、行政法规规定。”第十一条规定:“当事人申请登记,应当提供权属证书、合同书、法     

以共产党员的先进性形象取信于民

自从中国共产党成立以来,就始终不渝地把全心全意为人民服务作为自己的根本宗旨。八十多年的发展历史证明,我们的党之所以能够率领广大人民群众不断取得一个又一个的胜利,就因为我们的共产党员始终保持了无产阶级的先进性。党中央在全国开展保持共产党员先进性教育活动,是我党坚持树立落实科学发展观,坚持用“三个代表”重要思想武装全党,提高党的执政能力,巩固党的执政基础的重要举措,是坚定理想信念,发扬优良传统,不断增强党员队伍和党组织的凝聚力、创造力、战斗力,为全面实现建设小康社会宏伟目标,提供坚强的政治保证和组织保证的重大举…     

三种哺乳动物朊蛋白基因的克隆与分析

以外周血液的总DNA为模板,运用PCR方法克隆了汉族人、秦川黄牛和甘肃土种绵羊的Prnp基因,运用分子生物学软件对这些序列进行了分析比较。结果表明,获得的3种哺乳动物的Prnp基因均位于1个单一的外显子内,与GenBank中登录的相应序列具有高度同源性,达99.0%。牛与绵羊Prnp基因同源性为97.3%,推导氨基酸序列同源性为96.5%。人Prnp基因与黄牛和绵羊Prnp基因的同源性分别为86.7%和87.1%,其氨基酸序列的同源性均为90.0%。3种Prnp基因均有富含G-C的重复区,编码的PrP蛋白均由氨基端的信号肽、中间的成熟蛋白和羧基端的GPⅠ锚结合位点组成。基因型分析表明,秦川黄牛和甘肃土种绵羊可能存在感染海绵状脑病的风险。     

萨利纳斯执政时期(1988～1994年)选举制度改革原因探析

萨利纳斯执政时期(1988～1994年)墨西哥通过三个宪法修正案,对议会席位的分配方式、联邦选举机构和选举程序进行改革,使墨西哥议会的独立性得到加强,立法部门与行政部门的关系开始发生变化;程序民主进一步完善,提高了选举平等性和选举结果的可信度;通过选举制度的改革奠定了多党政治的基础,墨西哥政治体制开始向民主化方向转变。可以说,萨利纳斯执政时期的选举制度改革是墨西哥政治体制转变过程中的关键一环。这一时期选举制度改革的原因在于,萨利纳斯执政时期反对党的崛起和壮大,革命制度党势力的衰落,民众参政意识的增强,从根本上改变了墨西哥选举制度赖以生存的社会政治环境,为了维持革命制度党的统治和墨西哥的政治稳定,对选举制度进行改革成为一种必然。     

Juvenile Criminality And Semi-Criminality: Learning From Victorian Perceptions And Responses

This article focuses on media reportage of offensive juveniles, past and present, to elicit lessons that the twenty-first century can learn from the Victorian past in terms of diversionary responses. How to prevent vulnerable juveniles sliding into dangerous criminality is a continuing preoccupation: the issue explored in this article relates to the creation of the identity of the criminal juvenile. In utilising the concept of semi-criminality to label certain types of juvenile anti-social behaviour the Victorians avoided actual criminalisation of socially offensive but, in legal terms, minor behaviours. The reasons for and negative consequences of the abandonment of this concept by the modern age are explored, including the reconceptualisation of where responsibility for juvenile offending lies in the modern era.